Organizing and applying appropriate curriculum and, teaching approaches to engage middle-level and, high school students in meaningful learning, experiences responsive to individual differences,, interests, developmental readiness, and cultural, contexts. Attention to research and theory in, mathematics curriculum and pedagogy. Candidates, continue to develop as teacher researchers by, refining habits of personal and scholarly, reflection that examine their professional, practice. Topics include: backward design, in, support of planning and assessment; review and, application of curriculum materials and resources;, social and political contexts that impact, curriculum; the role of inquiry in science,, technology, engineering, and math (STEM), education; the value of math-science integration;, and mathematical literacy for the 21st century.